Definition Of Terms:

Effective length is the distance from the tonearm's pivot point to the stylus point. It is measured only on the horizontal plane; do not measure diagonally. To measure the spindle-to-pivot distance accurately, go to an office supply or art supply store and look for a radial compass. This is a plastic rod with mounts for a pin and a pencil that come off at 90 degree angles.

Overhang Length is the shortest possible distance between the stylus point and the platter's spindle center.

Headshell Offset Angle is the angle between two lines: the first is defined by the tonearm shaft and passes through the tonearm pivot point; the second line is defined by the cartridge's cantilever and the center-line of the headshell. The offset angle is permanently built into the tonearm's design; it is not adjustable.

Spindle-to-Pivot distance is the distance from the center of the platter spindle to the vertical axis point of the tonearm. The vertical axis is the point around which the tonearm shaft and counterweight revolve as the needle moves along the playing band of the record.

Note: these data, and our alignment tool, are optimized for 12 inch records.

If you have a dedicated player for 7 inch singles, 10 inch 78 RPM records, or 16 inch transcription records, we also have mounting data for these applications. Custom Alignment Tools for 7 inch singles and 12 Inch LPs are available now. Alignment tools for 10 and 16 inch records are also in development and will be available very, very soon.

effective length

overhang length

offset angle

spindle to pivot distance (mounting distance)

maximum angular error between null points

200.0 mm
7.8740 in

21.0548 mm
0.8289 in

27.8542 deg

178.9452 mm
7.0451 in

1.3275 deg

201.0 mm
7.9134 in

20.9378 mm
0.8243 in

27.7037 deg

180.0622 mm
7.0891 in

1.3192 deg

202.0 mm
7.9528 in

20.8222 mm
0.8198 in

27.5549 deg

181.1778 mm
7.1330 in

1.3110 deg

203.0 mm
7.9921 in

20.7079 mm
0.8153 in

27.4077 deg

182.2921 mm
7.1769 in

1.3029 deg

204.0 mm
8.0315 in

20.5950 mm
0.8108 in

27.2622 deg

183.4050 mm
7.2207 in

1.2949 deg

205.0 mm
8.0709 in

20.4833 mm
0.8064 in

27.1182 deg

184.5167 mm
7.2644 in

1.2870 deg

206.0 mm
8.1102 in

20.3730 mm
0.8021 in

26.9759 deg

185.6270 mm
7.3082 in

1.2792 deg

207.0 mm
8.1496 in

20.2638 mm
0.7978 in

26.8351 deg

186.7362 mm
7.3518 in

1.2715 deg

208.0 mm
8.1890 in

20.1559 mm
0.7935 in

26.6958 deg

187.8441 mm
7.3954 in

1.2639 deg

209.0 mm
8.2283 in

20.0492 mm
0.7893 in

26.5580 deg

188.9508 mm
7.4390 in

1.2565 deg

210.0 mm
8.2677 in

19.9437 mm
0.7852 in

26.4217 deg

190.0563 mm
7.4825 in

1.2491 deg

211.0 mm
8.3071 in

19.8393 mm
0.7811 in

26.2869 deg

191.1607 mm
7.5260 in

1.2418 deg

212.0 mm
8.3465 in

19.7361 mm
0.7770 in

26.1535 deg

192.2639 mm
7.5694 in

1.2346 deg

213.0 mm
8.3858 in

19.6340 mm
0.7730 in

26.0215 deg

193.3660 mm
7.6128 in

1.2275 deg

214.0 mm
8.4252 in

19.5330 mm
0.7690 in

25.8908 deg

194.4670 mm
7.6562 in

1.2205 deg

215.0 mm
8.4646 in

19.4331 mm
0.7651 in

25.7615 deg

195.5669 mm
7.6995 in

1.2135 deg

216.0 mm
8.5039 in

19.3343 mm
0.7612 in

25.6336 deg

196.6657 mm
7.7427 in

1.2067 deg

217.0 mm
8.5433 in

19.2365 mm
0.7573 in

25.5070 deg

197.7635 mm
7.7860 in

1.1999 deg

217.5 mm
8.5630 in

19.1880 mm
0.7554 in

25.4442 deg

198.3120 mm
7.8076 in

1.1966 deg

218.0 mm
8.5827 in

19.1398 mm
0.7535 in

25.3816 deg

198.8602 mm
7.8291 in

1.1932 deg

219.0 mm
8.6220 in

19.0440 mm
0.7498 in

25.2576 deg

199.9560 mm
7.8723 in

1.1866 deg

220.0 mm
8.6614 in

18.9493 mm
0.7460 in

25.1348 deg

201.0507 mm
7.9154 in

1.1801 deg

221.0 mm
8.7008 in

18.8555 mm
0.7423 in

25.0132 deg

202.1445 mm
7.9584 in

1.1737 deg

221.4 mm
8.7150 in

18.8220 mm
0.7410 in

24.9697 deg

202.5380 mm
7.9739 in

1.1714 deg

222.0 mm
8.7402 in

18.7627 mm
0.7387 in

24.8928 deg

203.2373 mm
8.0015 in

1.1673 deg

223.0 mm
8.7795 in

18.6709 mm
0.7351 in

24.7737 deg

204.3291 mm
8.0445 in

1.1610 deg

224.0 mm
8.8189 in

18.5799 mm
0.7315 in

24.6557 deg

205.4201 mm
8.0874 in

1.1548 deg

225.0 mm
8.8583 in

18.4900 mm
0.7280 in

24.5388 deg

206.5100 mm
8.1303 in

1.1486 deg

226.0 mm
8.8976 in

18.4009 mm
0.7244 in

24.4232 deg

207.5991 mm
8.1732 in

1.1425 deg

227.0 mm
8.9370 in

18.3127 mm
0.7210 in

24.3086 deg

208.6873 mm
8.2160 in

1.1365 deg

228.0 mm
8.9764 in

18.2254 mm
0.7175 in

24.1951 deg

209.7746 mm
8.2588 in

1.1306 deg

228.6 mm
9.0000 in

18.1734 mm
0.7155 in

24.1276 deg

210.4266 mm
8.2845 in

1.1271 deg

229.0 mm
9.0157 in

18.1389 mm
0.7141 in

24.0828 deg

210.8611 mm
8.3016 in

1.1247 deg

230.0 mm
9.0551 in

18.0533 mm
0.7108 in

23.9715 deg

211.9467 mm
8.3444 in

1.1189 deg

231.0 mm
9.0945 in

17.9685 mm
0.7074 in

23.8612 deg

213.0315 mm
8.3871 in

1.1132 deg

232.0 mm
9.1339 in

17.8846 mm
0.7041 in

23.7520 deg

214.1154 mm
8.4297 in

1.1075 deg

233.0 mm
9.1732 in

17.8015 mm
0.7008 in

23.6439 deg

215.1985 mm
8.4724 in

1.1019 deg

234.0 mm
9.2126 in

17.7192 mm
0.6976 in

23.5367 deg

216.2808 mm
8.5150 in

1.0963 deg

235.0 mm
9.2520 in

17.6376 mm
0.6944 in

23.4306 deg

217.3624 mm
8.5576 in

1.0908 deg

236.0 mm
9.2913 in

17.5569 mm
0.6912 in

23.3254 deg

218.4431 mm
8.6001 in

1.0854 deg

237.0 mm
9.3307 in

17.4769 mm
0.6881 in

23.2212 deg

219.5231 mm
8.6426 in

1.0800 deg

238.0 mm
9.3701 in

17.3976 mm
0.6849 in

23.1179 deg

220.6024 mm
8.6851 in

1.0747 deg

239.0 mm
9.4094 in

17.3192 mm
0.6819 in

23.0156 deg

221.6808 mm
8.7276 in

1.0694 deg

240.0 mm
9.4488 in

17.2414 mm
0.6788 in

22.9143 deg

222.7586 mm
8.7700 in

1.0642 deg

241.0 mm
9.4882 in

17.1643 mm
0.6758 in

22.8138 deg

223.8357 mm
8.8124 in

1.0590 deg

242.0 mm
9.5276 in

17.0880 mm
0.6728 in

22.7142 deg

224.9120 mm
8.8548 in

1.0539 deg

243.0 mm
9.5669 in

17.0124 mm
0.6698 in

22.6156 deg

225.9876 mm
8.8971 in

1.0489 deg

244.0 mm
9.6063 in

16.9375 mm
0.6668 in

22.5178 deg

227.0625 mm
8.9395 in

1.0439 deg

245.0 mm
9.6457 in

16.8632 mm
0.6639 in

22.4209 deg

228.1368 mm
8.9818 in

1.0389 deg

246.0 mm
9.6850 in

16.7896 mm
0.6610 in

22.3248 deg

229.2104 mm
9.0240 in

1.0340 deg

247.0 mm
9.7244 in

16.7167 mm
0.6581 in

22.2296 deg

230.2833 mm
9.0663 in

1.0292 deg

248.0 mm
9.7638 in

16.6444 mm
0.6553 in

22.1352 deg

231.3556 mm
9.1085 in

1.0244 deg

249.0 mm
9.8031 in

16.5728 mm
0.6525 in

22.0416 deg

232.4272 mm
9.1507 in

1.0196 deg

250.0 mm
9.8425 in

16.5018 mm
0.6497 in

21.9489 deg

233.4982 mm
9.1928 in

1.0149 deg

251.0 mm
9.8819 in

16.4315 mm
0.6469 in

21.8569 deg

234.5685 mm
9.2350 in

1.0102 deg

252.0 mm
9.9213 in

16.3617 mm
0.6442 in

21.7657 deg

235.6383 mm
9.2771 in

1.0056 deg

253.0 mm
9.9606 in

16.2926 mm
0.6414 in

21.6753 deg

236.7074 mm
9.3192 in

1.0010 deg

254.0 mm
10.0000 in

16.2241 mm
0.6387 in

21.5857 deg

237.7759 mm
9.3613 in

0.9965 deg

255.0 mm
10.0394 in

16.1561 mm
0.6361 in

21.4968 deg

238.8439 mm
9.4033 in

0.9920 deg

256.0 mm
10.0787 in

16.0888 mm
0.6334 in

21.4087 deg

239.9112 mm
9.4453 in

0.9876 deg

257.0 mm
10.1181 in

16.0220 mm
0.6308 in

21.3213 deg

240.9780 mm
9.4873 in

0.9832 deg

258.0 mm
10.1575 in

15.9558 mm
0.6282 in

21.2347 deg

242.0442 mm
9.5293 in

0.9788 deg

259.0 mm
10.1969 in

15.8902 mm
0.6256 in

21.1488 deg

243.1098 mm
9.5713 in

0.9745 deg

260.0 mm
10.2362 in

15.8251 mm
0.6230 in

21.0635 deg

244.1749 mm
9.6132 in

0.9702 deg

261.0 mm
10.2756 in

15.7605 mm
0.6205 in

20.9790 deg

245.2395 mm
9.6551 in

0.9660 deg

262.0 mm
10.3150 in

15.6965 mm
0.6180 in

20.8952 deg

246.3035 mm
9.6970 in

0.9618 deg

263.0 mm
10.3543 in

15.6331 mm
0.6155 in

20.8120 deg

247.3669 mm
9.7389 in

0.9576 deg

264.0 mm
10.3937 in

15.5701 mm
0.6130 in

20.7296 deg

248.4299 mm
9.7807 in

0.9535 deg

265.0 mm
10.4331 in

15.5077 mm
0.6105 in

20.6478 deg

249.4923 mm
9.8225 in

0.9494 deg

266.0 mm
10.4724 in

15.4458 mm
0.6081 in

20.5666 deg

250.5542 mm
9.8643 in

0.9454 deg

267.0 mm
10.5118 in

15.3844 mm
0.6057 in

20.4861 deg

251.6156 mm
9.9061 in

0.9414 deg

268.0 mm
10.5512 in

15.3235 mm
0.6033 in

20.4063 deg

252.6765 mm
9.9479 in

0.9374 deg

269.0 mm
10.5906 in

15.2631 mm
0.6009 in

20.3270 deg

253.7369 mm
9.9896 in

0.9334 deg

270.0 mm
10.6299 in

15.2032 mm
0.5986 in

20.2485 deg

254.7968 mm
10.0314 in

0.9295 deg

271.0 mm
10.6693 in

15.1438 mm
0.5962 in

20.1705 deg

255.8562 mm
10.0731 in

0.9257 deg

272.0 mm
10.7087 in

15.0848 mm
0.5939 in

20.0931 deg

256.9152 mm
10.1148 in

0.9218 deg

273.0 mm
10.7480 in

15.0264 mm
0.5916 in

20.0164 deg

257.9736 mm
10.1564 in

0.9180 deg

274.0 mm
10.7874 in

14.9683 mm
0.5893 in

19.9402 deg

259.0317 mm
10.1981 in

0.9143 deg

275.0 mm
10.8268 in

14.9108 mm
0.5870 in

19.8646 deg

260.0892 mm
10.2397 in

0.9105 deg

276.0 mm
10.8661 in

14.8537 mm
0.5848 in

19.7897 deg

261.1463 mm
10.2814 in

0.9068 deg

277.0 mm
10.9055 in

14.7970 mm
0.5826 in

19.7152 deg

262.2030 mm
10.3230 in

0.9031 deg

278.0 mm
10.9449 in

14.7408 mm
0.5803 in

19.6414 deg

263.2592 mm
10.3645 in

0.8995 deg

279.0 mm
10.9843 in

14.6850 mm
0.5782 in

19.5681 deg

264.3150 mm
10.4061 in

0.8959 deg

279.4 mm
11.0000 in

14.6628 mm
0.5773 in

19.5390 deg

264.7372 mm
10.4227 in

0.8944 deg

280.0 mm
11.0236 in

14.6297 mm
0.5760 in

19.4954 deg

265.3703 mm
10.4476 in

0.8923 deg

281.0 mm
11.0630 in

14.5748 mm
0.5738 in

19.4232 deg

266.4252 mm
10.4892 in

0.8887 deg

282.0 mm
11.1024 in

14.5203 mm
0.5717 in

19.3516 deg

267.4797 mm
10.5307 in

0.8852 deg

283.0 mm
11.1417 in

14.4662 mm
0.5695 in

19.2805 deg

268.5338 mm
10.5722 in

0.8817 deg

284.0 mm
11.1811 in

14.4125 mm
0.5674 in

19.2100 deg

269.5875 mm
10.6137 in

0.8783 deg

285.0 mm
11.2205 in

14.3593 mm
0.5653 in

19.1399 deg

270.6407 mm
10.6551 in

0.8748 deg

286.0 mm
11.2598 in

14.3064 mm
0.5632 in

19.0704 deg

271.6936 mm
10.6966 in

0.8714 deg

287.0 mm
11.2992 in

14.2540 mm
0.5612 in

19.0014 deg

272.7460 mm
10.7380 in

0.8680 deg

288.0 mm
11.3386 in

14.2019 mm
0.5591 in

18.9329 deg

273.7981 mm
10.7795 in

0.8647 deg

289.0 mm
11.3780 in

14.1502 mm
0.5571 in

18.8649 deg

274.8498 mm
10.8209 in

0.8614 deg

290.0 mm
11.4173 in

14.0989 mm
0.5551 in

18.7974 deg

275.9011 mm
10.8622 in

0.8581 deg

291.0 mm
11.4567 in

14.0480 mm
0.5531 in

18.7304 deg

276.9520 mm
10.9036 in

0.8548 deg

292.0 mm
11.4961 in

13.9975 mm
0.5511 in

18.6639 deg

278.0025 mm
10.9450 in

0.8515 deg

293.0 mm
11.5354 in

13.9473 mm
0.5491 in

18.5979 deg

279.0527 mm
10.9863 in

0.8483 deg

294.0 mm
11.5748 in

13.8975 mm
0.5471 in

18.5323 deg

280.1025 mm
11.0277 in

0.8451 deg

295.0 mm
11.6142 in

13.8481 mm
0.5452 in

18.4672 deg

281.1519 mm
11.0690 in

0.8420 deg

296.0 mm
11.6535 in

13.7990 mm
0.5433 in

18.4026 deg

282.2010 mm
11.1103 in

0.8388 deg

297.0 mm
11.6929 in

13.7503 mm
0.5413 in

18.3384 deg

283.2497 mm
11.1516 in

0.8357 deg

298.0 mm
11.7323 in

13.7019 mm
0.5394 in

18.2747 deg

284.2981 mm
11.1928 in

0.8326 deg

299.0 mm
11.7717 in

13.6539 mm
0.5376 in

18.2114 deg

285.3461 mm
11.2341 in

0.8295 deg

300.0 mm
11.8110 in

13.6062 mm
0.5357 in

18.1486 deg

286.3938 mm
11.2753 in

0.8265 deg

301.0 mm
11.8504 in

13.5589 mm
0.5338 in

18.0862 deg

287.4411 mm
11.3166 in

0.8235 deg

302.0 mm
11.8898 in

13.5119 mm
0.5320 in

18.0243 deg

288.4881 mm
11.3578 in

0.8205 deg

303.0 mm
11.9291 in

13.4652 mm
0.5301 in

17.9627 deg

289.5348 mm
11.3990 in

0.8175 deg

304.0 mm
11.9685 in

13.4189 mm
0.5283 in

17.9017 deg

290.5811 mm
11.4402 in

0.8145 deg

304.8 mm
12.0000 in

13.3820 mm
0.5269 in

17.8531 deg

291.4180 mm
11.4731 in

0.8122 deg

305.0 mm
12.0079 in

13.3728 mm
0.5265 in

17.8410 deg

291.6272 mm
11.4814 in

0.8116 deg

306.0 mm
12.0472 in

13.3271 mm
0.5247 in

17.7807 deg

292.6729 mm
11.5226 in

0.8087 deg

307.0 mm
12.0866 in

13.2818 mm
0.5229 in

17.7209 deg

293.7182 mm
11.5637 in

0.8058 deg

308.0 mm
12.1260 in

13.2367 mm
0.5211 in

17.6615 deg

294.7633 mm
11.6049 in

0.8029 deg

309.0 mm
12.1654 in

13.1920 mm
0.5194 in

17.6024 deg

295.8080 mm
11.6460 in

0.8001 deg

310.0 mm
12.2047 in

13.1475 mm
0.5176 in

17.5438 deg

296.8525 mm
11.6871 in

0.7972 deg

311.0 mm
12.2441 in

13.1034 mm
0.5159 in

17.4856 deg

297.8966 mm
11.7282 in

0.7944 deg

312.0 mm
12.2835 in

13.0595 mm
0.5142 in

17.4277 deg

298.9405 mm
11.7693 in

0.7916 deg

313.0 mm
12.3228 in

13.0160 mm
0.5124 in

17.3703 deg

299.9840 mm
11.8104 in

0.7889 deg

314.0 mm
12.3622 in

12.9728 mm
0.5107 in

17.3132 deg

301.0272 mm
11.8515 in

0.7861 deg

315.0 mm
12.4016 in

12.9298 mm
0.5090 in

17.2565 deg

302.0702 mm
11.8925 in

0.7834 deg

316.0 mm
12.4409 in

12.8872 mm
0.5074 in

17.2002 deg

303.1128 mm
11.9336 in

0.7807 deg

317.0 mm
12.4803 in

12.8448 mm
0.5057 in

17.1443 deg

304.1552 mm
11.9746 in

0.7780 deg

318.0 mm
12.5197 in

12.8027 mm
0.5040 in

17.0887 deg

305.1973 mm
12.0156 in

0.7754 deg

319.0 mm
12.5591 in

12.7609 mm
0.5024 in

17.0335 deg

306.2391 mm
12.0567 in

0.7727 deg

320.0 mm
12.5984 in

12.7193 mm
0.5008 in

16.9786 deg

307.2807 mm
12.0977 in

0.7701 deg

If you need values for tonearms outside this range of sizes, please let us know.